MyBatis配置与使用指南：基本流程、常用配置解析及动态SQL实践

1、利用 Resources​​ 工具类加载配置文件，并转换成输入输出流文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

2、利用解析的配置，创建 SqlSessionFactory​ 工厂文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

3、生产 SqlSession​文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

4、SqlSession​ 调用方法文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

​​文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

输出日志，在 sqlMapConfig.xml 添加如下配置：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

<settings>
  <!-- 输出日志 -->
  <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" />
</settings>

1）environments 标签文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

​文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

事务管理器（ transactionManager ）类型有两种：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

JDBC：直接使用 JDBC 的提交和回滚设置，依赖于从数据源得到的链接来管理事务的作用域文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

MANAGED：几乎不做事。不提交事务也不会回滚。让容器（例如 JEE 的应用服务器的上下文）来管理事务的整个生命周期。文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

默认情况下会关闭链接，然而一些容器不希望这样，需要配置 closeConnection 的属性为 false 来阻止它的默认关闭行为。文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

数据源（ DataSource ）有三种：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

• UNPOOLED：每次请求都打开和关闭链接
• POOLED：采用连接池管理 JDBC 链接
• JNDI：为了配合 EJB 容器使用，容器可以集中在外部配置数据源，然后放置一个 JNDI 的上下文引用

2）mapper 标签文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

作用是加载映射，加载方式有以下四种：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

• 使用相对类路径的引用，例如：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

  <mapper resource="org/mybatis/builder/AuthorMapper.xml" />
  

• 使用 URL，例如：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

  <Mappper url="file:///var/mapper/AuthorMapper.xml" />
  

• 使用接口实现类的全限定类名，例如：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

  <mapper class="org.mybatis.builder.AuthorMapper" />
  

• 使用包名称，例如：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

  <package name="org.mybatis.builder" />
  

3）Properties文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

习惯性将数据量配置信息单独配置在 jdbc.properties 文件中文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

jdbc.dirver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zdy_mybatis?characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

<properties resource="jdbc.properties"/>

​文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

注意顺序：properties 必须在最前面，否则会报如下错误文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

​文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

4）typeAliases 标签文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

类型别名是为 Java 类设置一个短的名字。原来的类型配置如下：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

<select id="findAll" resultType="com.terwergreen.pojo.User">
select * from user
</select>

​文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

配置 typeAliases，为 com.terwergreen.pojo.User 指定别名 user文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

<typeAliases>
    <typeAlias type="com.terwergreen.pojo.User" alias="user"/>
</typeAliases>

<select id="findAll" resultType="user">
select * from user
</select>

​文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

上面是我们自定义的别名，Mybatis 默认已经为我们设置好了一些别名：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

​文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

如果实体类较多，上面方法不可取，可以使用指定包名的方式文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

<!-- 为实体的全限定类名取别名 -->
<typeAliases>
  <!-- 给单独的实体起别名 -->
  <!-- <typeAlias type="com.terwergreen.pojo.User" alias="user"/> -->
  <package name="com.terwergreen.pojo"/> 
</typeAliases>

批量起别名：该包下所有类本身的类名，不区分大小写文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

1)动态 SQL文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

动态 SQL 语句概述文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

https://mybatis.org/mybatis-3/dynamic-sql.html文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

根据实体类的不用取值，使用不同的 SQL 进行查询文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

<!-- 多条件组合查询用户：if案例 -->
<select id="findByCondition" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
  select * from user where 1=1
  <if test="id!=null">
    and id=#{id}
  </if>
  <if test="username!=null">
    and username=#{username}
  </if>
</select>

<!-- 多条件组合查询用户：where案例 -->
<select id="findByConditionWhere" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
  select * from user
  <where>
    <if test="id!=null">
        and id=#{id}
    </if>
    <if test="username!=null">
        and username=#{username}
    </if>
  </where>
</select>

同时设置 id 和 username 之后，日志如下：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

 public void test7() throws IOException {
   InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
   SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);

   SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
   IUserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);

   User user = new User();
   user.setId(1);
   user.setUsername("tyw");
   List<User> userList = userDao.findByConditionWhere(user);

   for (User user2 : userList) {
     System.out.println(user2);
   }
 }

==>  Preparing: select * from user WHERE id=? and username=? 
==> Parameters: 1(Integer), tyw(String)
<==    Columns: id, username
<==        Row: 1, tyw
<==      Total: 1
User{id=1, username='tyw'}

循环执行 SQL 的拼接动作。例如：select * from user where id in(1,2,4)文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

测试代码文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

public void test8() throws IOException {
  InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
  SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);

  SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
  IUserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);

  Integer[] ids = new Integer[]{1, 2, 4};
  List<User> userList = userDao.findByIds(ids);

  for (User user2 : userList) {
    System.out.println(user2);
  }
}

配置如下文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

<!-- 多值查询：foerach案例 -->
<select id="findByIds" parameterType="list" resultType="user">
  select * from user
  <where>
    <foreach collection="array" open="id in (" close=")" item="id" separator=",">
      #{id}
    </foreach>
  </where>
</select>

日志如下：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

==>  Preparing: select * from user WHERE id in ( ? , ? , ? ) 
==> Parameters: 1(Integer), 2(Integer), 4(Integer)
<==    Columns: id, username
<==        Row: 1, tyw
<==        Row: 2, 张月
<==        Row: 4, haha
<==      Total: 3
User{id=1, username='tyw'}
User{id=2, username='张月'}
User{id=4, username='haha'}

foreach 各项的含义如下：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

<foreach> 用于遍历几乎文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

• collection：要遍历的集合元素，不能带有#{}
• open：语句开始部分
• close：结束部分
• item：遍历的元素生成的变量名
• sperator：分隔符

可以将重复 sql 抽取出来放在 sql 标签中，使用时候用 include文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

<!-- 抽取sql片段简化编写 -->
<sql id="selectUser">select * from user</sql>

使用文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

<!-- 根据ID查询用户 -->
<select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultType="user">
    <include refid="selectUser"></include> where id=#{id}
</select>

测试：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

/**
 * sql抽取测试
 *
 * @throws IOException
 */
@Test
public void test9() throws IOException {
    InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
    SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);

    SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    IUserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);

    User user2 = userDao.findById(1);

    System.out.println(user2);
}

日志如下：文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

==>  Preparing: select * from user where id=?
==> Parameters: 1(Integer)
<==    Columns: id, username
<==        Row: 1, tyw
<==      Total: 1
User{id=1, username='tyw'}

文章更新历史文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

2022-08-30 feat:初稿 文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

‍文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html

本文详细介绍了MyBatis的基本流程，包括配置文件加载、SqlSessionFactory工厂创建等，并解析了常用配置，如日志输出、数据源管理、类型别名等。此外，还讨论了动态SQL的实践，包括条件查询、SQL片段抽取等技巧。文章源自浅海拾贝-https://blog.terwergreen.com/mybatis-basic-process-and-configuration-file-analysis.html